The Use Of Behavioral Interventions On The Hiv / Aids...

Abstract Gay, bisexual, and other Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) have been stigmatized due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Since its discovery in 1980, biomedical research has been advanced significantly in the fight against the sexually transmitted disease; however, a cure is still yet to be found. Despite that, researchers suggest incorporating behavioral strategies to treat HIV-infected individuals to avoid any continuing transmission of the virus. This paper presents the study of thirty three MSM who participated in a review to test the efficiency of behavioral interventions on individual, group, and community levels expected to reduce high risk behaviors such as unprotected anal intercourse (UAI), substance abuse, and so forth and to†¦show more content†¦Both diseases have mainly been affecting human beings since its discovery in 1981. They cause the immune systems to deteriorate by destroying white blood cells and hindering their ability to fight against illnesses (What Is, 2014). W hen one participates in high risk events such as having unprotected sex, sharing contaminated syringes, blood transfusions or organ donations, tainted fluids may enter the body through the mucous membrane, damaged tissue or by direct injection into the bloodstream when one is not cautious (â€Å"How Do†, 2014). Once the immune system weakens, the body begins to produce minor illnesses which become more severe over time. As HIV progresses into AIDS, manifestations become prolonged and more strenuous causing the individual to suffer or eventually die if left untreated (â€Å"Signs†, 2014). The thought of contracting any disease is alarming itself; still, it is crucial to know that any person with the virus can continue living a healthy life without any patent signs (â€Å"Signs†, 2014). For many years, a stigma revolves in our country claiming that gay men are more prone of contracting the disease because of their high risk behavior. Today the Center for Disease Control (CDC) declares that there are â€Å"1.1 million people aged 13 years and older living with HIV in the

Impact Of The Huge Investment On The Economy Of Commerce...

As it was mentioned before, Carr has good points regarding the huge investment on IT in the infrastructure of commerce period. However, he should realize the importance of this investment in the second stage too. He wrote this article in 2003 and maybe he was not aware enough about what the real value of IT is. Although there are many successful companies which invested a lot on their IT systems, but he insisted to underestimate the value of these investments. The huge investments in the IT systems of Amazon and others giant companies is the key for their successful. Without investing in the IT systems in the commoditization stage (as he referred to it), these companies won’t be able to compete in this intense market. I believe that he†¦show more content†¦Now, it is hard for any company to survive in the global market without advance IT systems. I think we do not have a lot of opportunities in this world. If we have a chance, we have to exploit it right away and do n ot wait for others to have it. He had a point when he said waiting will save some money, but this money is considered as an investment and not loss. There are many reasons why these giant companies are successful in their business. Investing in new IT systems will * Reduce costs Giant companies such as Amazon uses its ITs systems as an effective way to reduce costs. The IT enables Amazon to have a competitive advantage over other rivals and leave them behind. IT was not only help Amazon to do what it did before, but it was also enable it to expand more in new directions. * Create and build barriers to entry Once a company has an advancement in their IT systems, it will be harder for others companies to compete in the same business. These new rivals have to invest heavily to reach the same level of the company that invest in its IT systems before them. Also, these rivals will try to copy the successful company while the successful company works on something more advance. These two factors are the most important factors that enabled these companies to be dominant in their business. Essay 2 Monitoring Employees on Networks: Unethical or Good Business? (pp 266- 267) 1. What specific management, organization,

Q the Rise of Nationalism Was the Most Important Factor...

Q: The rise of nationalism was the most important factor leading to World War I. How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. I agree that the rise of nationalism was the most important factor leading to World War I as it increased tensions among Serbia and Austria-Hungary resulting in the direct cause of World War I. The Balkan crisis’s in 1908 and 1912-13 involving the annexing of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary. Serbia wanted to expand into the Adriatic Sea as a result of the second Balkan crisis but was denied by Austria-Hungary. Serbia was supported by Russia who however was forced to back down by Germany. Also, as a result of the annexing and rising political tensions between both countries, a Serbian†¦show more content†¦This shows that the alliances formed between countries led to them coming to the aid of each other, resulting in the whole of Europe being entangled in World War I as the result of the disagreement between Austria-Hungary and Serbia. Therefore I disagree with the statement as I feel that alliances in action is an important factor which led to World War I. I agree with the statement to a greater extent as nationalism is the root cause of World War I therefore a more important factor than imperialism or alliances in action. With nationalism, came the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, and even though not all the European countries were obligated to come to anyone’s aid, the war would most probably have engulfed other countries around regardless of whether they were willing or not. Therefore I agree with the statement to a greater extent and feel that nationalism is the most important factor leading to World WarShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesCritical Perspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesRastafari This page intentionally left blank Rastafari From Outcasts to Culture Bearers Ennis Barrington Edmonds 2003 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers the Universitys objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata KualaRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesContemporary Issues in Management Accounting This page intentionally left blank Contemporary Issues in Management Accounting Edited by ALNOOR BHIMANI 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico

A Perspective On Person Centered Therapy - 2244 Words

Abstract Within the conglomerate of counseling theories and techniques, this paper seeks to generate objective research that informs the reader on Person-Centered Therapy. This paper endeavors to educate the reader on the historical beginnings of this approach, drawing especially from the life and contributions of Carl Rogers. The author highlights the types of issues that the theory addresses best, discussing in detail some of the ways that Person-Centered Therapy has produced positive outcomes. While recognizing that no one approach is perfect, the author discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the Person-Centered Approach. In so doing, the author also evaluates the theory from a Biblical perspective, highlighting ways that the theory†¦show more content†¦History of Theory The beginnings of Person-Centered Therapy had a somewhat lonely, pioneering beginning. A man by the name of Carl Rogers is responsible for the development of this theory. Born in 1902, Rogers grew up in a Protestant family that was strictly religious. Despite the strict religious environment, his family’s relationships could be characterized as close, loving relationships (Corey, 2013, p. 173). Rogers began his journey to discover a more therapeutic approach to psychotherapy through his personal experiences and a therapist and client (Casemore, 2011, p. 95). After graduating with a doctorate in clinical and educational psychology, Rogers served as a director in a clinic that provided guidance to children. It was within this environment that Rogers formulated the basic tenants of his Person-Centered Theory. (Truscott, 2010, p. 68). Unlike his predecessor, Sigmund Freud, Rogers was unthreatened by change and welcomed the challenge of asking deep questions that lead him into unfa miliar surroundings (Corey, 2013, p.173). During an era when the Psychoanalytic and Behaviorist approaches and were wildly popular, Rogers was quietly formulating a theory that was to revolutionize the field of psychotherapy (Casemore, 2011, p. 94). Not only was this theory blazing new frontiers, the approach stood in opposition to Psychoanalytic views that highlighted the pathological, childhood desires from which the

Business Communication for Academic and Professional Integrity

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Communication for Academic and Professional Integrity. Answer: Concept and Practice of Academic and Professional Integrity Academic integrity can be defined as the maintenance of responsibility and honesty in the academic field. Professional integrity means that an individual shall operate in an ethical manner regardless of the situation. The concept of Academic and Professional Integrity is to respect the rights of other scholars, avoiding actions that give undue advantage over others. In my understanding, academic integrity enables a person to develop professional skills and values that are sought by most employers. Before starting this unit, I was only aware of the fact that academic integrity is simply citing and acknowledging others work. However, after starting the unit, I came to an understanding that academic and professional integrity has a vast scope. Apart from acknowledging others work, it also involves supporting others in their effort. The necessary legal and regulatory obligations must be complied with (Manly, Leonard and Riemenschneider 2015). I shall practice academic integrity at AIH in the following ways: I shall avoid plagiarism by not copying more than two words in a row in the text found. I shall acknowledge the work of other scholars and researchers by citing the text written for the assignments. I shall develop my own arguments and evaluation from academic content by note-taking and reading. Therefore, academic and professional integrity is of great importance and must be followed at all levels. Unethical and unlawful conduct must be avoided under all circumstances. It shall help in building mutual respect and trust amongst the academic practitioners (Lfstrm et al. 2015). References Lfstrm, E., Trotman, T., Furnari, M. and Shephard, K., 2015. Who teaches academic integrity and how do they teach it?.Higher Education,69(3), pp.435-448. Manly, T.S., Leonard, L.N. and Riemenschneider, C.K., 2015. Academic integrity in the information age: Virtues of respect and responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics,127(3), pp.579-590.

Intercultural Communication in Global Business †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Intercultural Communication in Global Business. Answer: Introduction: Intercultural communication can be defined as the kind of communication by means of which the people or individuals from various diverse cultural backgrounds communicate with each other (Carbaugh 2013). It is significant to note that during the conduct of business the various business organizations often come a situation when they need to conduct with people or business organizations belonging to various diverse cultural or ethical backgrounds (Washington, Okoro and Thomas 2012). It is precisely here that the process of intercultural communication becomes very significant. The advent of globalization and the growth of trade and commerce across the frontiers of the different nations have made the process of intercultural communication one of the primary tools which the various business organizations often take the help of in order to effectively conduct their business across the different nations (Neuliep 2012). It is significant to note that the various business organizations when co nducting business with the various individuals or business organizations with people or business organizations from various other nations need to make certain adaptations regarding the way they communicate and behave with others in a bid to effectively conduct their business with the business organizations or people belonging to other business organizations or people belonging to other nations (Washington, Okoro and Thomas 2012). This essay intends to analyze the process of intercultural communication and its various related precepts. Mary is an Australian who hails from a family which has always in love with food and the food industry. Her mother and other family members from the early phases of their lives had been in love with food and the food industry and they even used to prepare foods and present them as gifts to their relatives as well as friends. Therefore, it was quiet natural for Mary to develop that love for food and food industry. Thus, when she grew up she opened her own small business which specializes in the manufacture a variety of condiments. It is significant to note that The Aroma Shop and a small factory in Wagga Wagga and the specialty of which is that they do not take the use of artificial preservatives for the preparation of the food item. In addition to that, the small business of Mary provides a range of products to the customers like chilli sauces, pastes, chutneys and jams. The business of Mary is doing reasonably good in the nation of Australia however following the path of globalizati on she now wants to expand her business in the nation of China and for the achievement of this particular purpose she has arranged for an official meeting with Mr. Lau, a Chinese business around 55 years old. It is significant to note that Mary is confused as regards the approach she should take regarding the meeting with Mr. Lau as she has never conducted any business dealings with the Chinese people but knows that their culture as well as way of conducting business is drastically different from the approach followed by the Australian people. The culture as well as the way of conducting the business of the Chinese people is starkly different from the way of the other nations as well as the other cultures (House 2014). A cultural graph of the nation of China as per the Hofstedes Models of Culture would reveal the following facts The above figure clearly indicates that the Chinese people like to indulge in group activities instead of individual work which is clearly shown by the lower level of individualism on the graph. Furthermore, the masculinity section of the graph is moderate which means that the Chinese people are likely to more driven by the concepts of competition, success as well as achievement which as a matter of fact forms the core values of all their business organizations (Hofstede Insights 2018). Moreover, the high score on the power distance section indicates that not all people in the nation of China are equal and there is a division of power in the society of China as per the ranks and the position held by them (Hofstede Insights 2018). The lower score on the uncertainty avoidance section is an indicative of the fact that the Chinese people use ambiguous and that the words or the language used by them have a different connotation than their surface meaning (Hofstede Insights 2018). The high score on the long-term orientation is an indicative of the fact that the Chinese culture is a very pragmatic one and the people in the society believe that truth depends very much on situation, context and time(Hofstede Insights 2018). Lastly, the considerably low score on the indulgence section is an indicative of the fact that the society of China is a very restrained one and the people in the nation of China have a tendency to cynicism and pessimism and display a controlled gratification of their desires (Hofstede Insights 2018). Mary hails from the nation of Australia and the culture as well as the way of transacting the business in the nation of Australia is slightly different from the other nations of the world. A cultural analysis of the nation of Australia as per the Hofstedes Model of Culture is represented. The above figure clearly that the power distance in the society of Australia is very low whereas the individualism in the society is very high (Hofstede Insights 2018). Furthermore, the masculinity of the Australian people is also high just like the indulgence section (Hofstede Insights 2018). However, the uncertainty avoidance and the long-term orientation in the society of Australia are comparatively low (Hofstede Insights 2018). Therefore, from the above two graphs it becomes clear that the cultures of Australia and China are different from each and thus to make her meeting with the Chinese business Mr. Lau, Mary will have to make certain alterations in her approach as well as the way she has been conducting her business in the nation of Australia. The first alteration which she needs to make is the way she has been greeting her clients (Martin and Nakayama 2015). It is significant to note that the Australian people use very casual language for the purposes of greeting however the Chinese people on the other hand are very formal when it comes to greetings when conducting a business deal (Martin and Nakayama 2015). Furthermore, the individualism quotient of the people is high in comparison to the same in the nation of China. Therefore, she will have to focus more on the concept group of group rather than on individual work (Kankaanranta and Lu 2013). Furthermore, the power distance in the society of Australia is very low whereas the power distance in the society of China is very high. This implies that there is an unequal distribution of power in the society and therefore she will have to address as well as treat the people as per their ranks and power (Kankaanranta and Lu 2013). This is something which is starkly different from the culture and the society of Australia in which she is used to conducting her business (Kankaanranta and Lu 2013). Furthermore, the masculinity index of the society of China is higher than the masculinity index of Australia which means that she will to focus more on the various precepts of competition, success and achievement (Kankaanranta and Lu 2013). Moreover, the indulgence quotient of the society of China is very low in comparison to the same in the society of Australia (Kankaanranta and Lu 2013). Thus, she will have to take into account the restrained society and culture of China and approach Mr. Lau accordingly. The long-term orientation of the society of China is higher than that of Australia and thus she will have to adopt a pragmatic approach towards the meeting which she is intending to have with the Chinese businessman Mr. Lau (Kankaanranta and Lu 2013). These in short are some of the adaptations which Mary needs to take into consideration for her meeting with the Chinese businessman Mr. Lau which will enable her to expand her business in the nation of China. To conclude, it becomes evident that intercultural communication forms an important part of the entire process of communication and also the business operations of the various business organizations. It is significant to note that the various business organizations take the help of this particular kind of communication method to communicate in a more effective manner with the business organizations from different nations with diverse cultural backgrounds. The concept of intercultural communication gained popularity with the advent of the concept of globalization and is considered one of the most important precepts of the concepts of globalization. Therefore, to conduct their business effectively in the different nations of the world the various business organizations take the help of this particular kind of communication to effectively negotiate with the other business organizations in the nations with which they are trying to have business relationships. References Carbaugh, D. ed., 2013.Cultural communication and intercultural contact. Routledge. Hofstede Insights. 2018.Australia - Hofstede Insights. [online] Available at: https://www.hofstede-insights.com/country/australia/ [Accessed 10 Apr. 2018]. Hofstede Insights. 2018.China - Hofstede Insights. [online] Available at: https://www.hofstede-insights.com/country/china/ [Accessed 10 Apr. 2018]. House, J., 2014. Moving across languages and cultures in translation as intercultural communication. InTranslational action and intercultural communication(pp. 14-46). Routledge. Kankaanranta, A. and Lu, W., 2013. The evolution of English as the business lingua franca: Signs of convergence in Chinese and Finnish professional communication.Journal of Business and Technical Communication,27(3), pp.288-307. Martin, J.N. and Nakayama, T.K., 2015. Reconsidering intercultural (communication) competence in the workplace: A dialectical approach.Language and Intercultural Communication,15(1), pp.13-28. Neuliep, J.W., 2012. The relationship among intercultural communication apprehension, ethnocentrism, uncertainty reduction, and communication satisfaction during initial intercultural interaction: An extension of anxiety and uncertainty management (AUM) theory.Journal of Intercultural Communication Research,41(1), pp.1-16. Neuliep, J.W., 2017.Intercultural communication: A contextual approach. Sage Publications. Washington, M.C., Okoro, E.A. and Thomas, O., 2012. Intercultural communication in global business: An analysis of benefits and challenges.The International Business Economics Research Journal,11(2), p.217.